Vaccine efficacy and effectiveness ကာကွယ်ဆေးထိရောက်မှု

ဆရာ ခင်ဗျ တခုလောက် မေးပါရစေ။ ကာကွယ်ဆေး ၉၅%၊ ၉၄.၅% ၅၀.၄% စသည် ဖြင့် ထိရောက် မူရှိတယ် ဆိုတာ ဘာလို နားလည် လို့ရမလဲ ခင်ဗျ။ ဥပမာ SINOVAC ဆိုရင် လူ ၁၀၀ ထိုးရင် ၅၀.၄ ယောက် ကရောဂါ ပိုးနဲ့ ထိတွေ့ တယ် ဒါပေမယ့် မကူးဘူး။ ၄၉.၆% က ကူးဆက် ခံရတယ်။ အဲလို ဆိုလို တာ လား ဆိုတာ လေး သိပါရစေ ခင်ဗျ။

Effectiveness ထိရောက်မှုဆိုတာ ကာကွယ်ဆေးတမျိုးကို ဆေးထိုးထားသူအုပ်စုနဲ့ ဆေးမထိုးသူအုပ်စု နှစ်ခုကို ယှဉ်ပြီး ကာလသတ်မှတ်ချက်အဆုံးမှာ ဘယ်လောက်အထိ ကာကွယ်မှုပေးသလဲကို ဆိုလိုတာဖြစ်တယ်။ ဘယ်ကာကွယ်ဆေးမှ ၁၀၀% တော့ မကာကွယ်နိုင်ပါ။

Duration of protection by vaccine

Disease  

Estimated duration of protection from vaccine after receipt of all recommended doses 1,2

Comments

Pertussis(whooping cough) 

4-6 years

Immunity from natural infection also wanes. Booster at age 11 years is offered

Diphtheria

Around 10 years

Boosters are recommended in adults at 45 & 65 years of age

Tetanus

96% protected 13-14 years, 72% >25 years

Boosters are recommended in adults at 45 & 65 years of age

Polio

>99% protected for at least 18 years

Boosters offered to those travelling to at risk countries

Haemophilus influenzae type B

>9 years to date

Excellent immunogenicity observed for this vaccine suggesting long-term protection

Hepatitis B

>20 years to date

Likely lifelong for those who have seroconverted but >20 years has been observed to date

Measles

Life-long in >96% vaccines

Community protection is important to stop transmission to those too young to be immunised, or those who cannot have the MMR vaccine

Mumps

 >10 years in 90%, waning slowly over time

 Duration of immunity varies in different populations. It is not as long-lived as measles or rubella

Rubella

Most vaccinees (>90%) protected >15-20 years

Community protection is important to stop transmission to those too young to be immunised, or those who cannot have the MMR vaccine

Pneumococcal

 >4-5 years so far for conjugate vaccines

To date antibody concentrations have remained high in vaccinees. Community protection means vaccinating children reduces the disease in all ages in the community

Human papillomavirus

>5-8 years to date

 Response following antigen challenge indicates immunity from vaccine likely to be very long term

Community immunity has been observed

Varicella

One dose - unknown

Two doses >14 years to date

Mild breakthrough disease can occur within 2 years when only one dose is given. Immunity is boosted when virus is still in circulation

Community immunity plays an important role is disease control

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