Medical Conditions and Lifestyle Factors that Can Damage Your Kidneys

ကျောက်ကပ်ကို ပျက်စီးစေနိုင်သော ကျန်းမာရေးအခြေအနေများနှင့် လူနေမှုပုံစံစသည့်အချက်များ

အချို့သော ကျန်းမာရေးအခြေအနေများ၊ ဆေးဝါးများနှင့် နေထိုင်မှုပုံစံများသည် သင့်ကျောက်ကပ်ကို ပျက်စီးစေနိုင်သည်။ ဤအလေ့အကျင့်များစွာကို ပြုပြင်၍ရနိုင်သည်။ ၎င်းတို့ကို စီမံခန့်ခွဲရန် အဆင့်များကို သင်လုပ်ဆောင်နိုင်သည်။ အသက်အရွယ်နှင့် မိသားစုရာဇဝင်ကဲ့သို့ အချို့မှာ သင့်ထိန်းချုပ်မှု မရှိတော့ပါ။

ကျောက်ကပ်သည် သွေးထဲမှ အညစ်အကြေးများနှင့် ပိုလျှံနေသော အရည်များကို စစ်ထုတ်ပေးသည်။ ပျက်စီးသွားသောအခါ ဤလုပ်ဆောင်ချက်ကို ထိထိရောက်ရောက် မလုပ်ဆောင်နိုင်ပေ။

အချိန်ကြာလာသည်နှင့်အမျှ ကျောက်ကပ်ပျက်စီးခြင်းသည်။ နောက်ဆုံးတွင် နာတာရှည်ကျောက်ကပ်ရောဂါ (CKD) နှင့် ကျောက်ကပ်ပျက်ကွက်ခြင်းသို့ ဦးတည်သွားနိုင်သည်။ အမေရိကန်ပြည်ထောင်စုရှိ ၇ ယောက်တွင် ၁ ယောက်ခန့် CKD ရှိသည်။

ကျောက်ကပ်ကို ပျက်စီးစေနိုင်တဲ့ အကြောင်းအရင်းများစွာရှိသည်။ ၎င်းတို့တွင် ဆေးဘက်ဆိုင်ရာ အခြေအနေများ၊ ဆေးဝါးများနှင့် နေထိုင်မှုပုံစံများ ပါဝင်သည်။

1. ကျောက်ကပ်ကို ပျက်စီးစေနိုင်တဲ့ ဆေးဘက်ဆိုင်ရာ အခြေအနေများ

2. ဆီးချိုရောဂါ

3. သွေးတိုး

4. နှလုံးရောဂါ

5. Lupus ရောဂါ

6. အဝလွန်ခြင်း

7. ရုပ်ပိုင်းဆိုင်ရာဒဏ်ရာ

8. ကျောက်ကပ်ပျက်စီးစေနိုင်တဲ့ ဆေးဝါးများ

9. ကျောက်ကပ်ကို ပျက်စီးစေနိုင်တဲ့ လူနေမှုပုံစံ

10. အိပ်ချိန်လုံလောက်စွာမရခြင်း

11. ရေဓာတ်ခန်းခြောက်ခြင်း

12. မလှုပ်မရှားနေရခြင်း

13. တရားမဝင် မူးယစ်ဆေးဝါး သုံးစွဲမှု

14. နာတာရှည် ကျောက်ကပ်ရောဂါ မိသားစု ရာဇဝင်

15. အသက်ကြီးခြင်း

16. ကျောက်ကပ်ပျက်စီးပြီးသည်နှင့် ကျောက်ကပ်ပြန်မကောင်းနိုင်ပါ။

ဒေါက်တာတင့်ဆွေ

Medical Conditions and Lifestyle Factors that Can Damage Your Kidneys

Certain medical conditions, medications, and lifestyle habits can cause damage to your kidneys. Many of these habits are modifiable, and you can take steps to manage them. Some like age and family history, are out of your control.

Your kidneys filter wastes and excess fluids from your blood. When they become damaged, they cannot perform this function as effectively.

Over time, kidney damage can eventually lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure. An estimated 1 in 7Trusted Source people in the United States has CKD.

There are several factors that can damage your kidneys. These include medical conditions, medications, and lifestyle habits.

Medical conditions that can cause kidney damage

A variety of medical conditions can cause damage to your kidneys. We’ll go over them, as well as how they can cause kidney damage.

Kidney disease

There are many medical conditions that affect the kidneys specifically. Over time, these can directly damage kidney tissue, leading to reduced kidney function. Some examples include:

frequent or untreated urinary tract infections (UTIs)

kidney stones

polycystic kidney disease

conditions affecting the filtering units of the kidney, such as:

glomerulonephritis

HIV nephropathy

IgA nephropathy

hydronephrosis

kidney cancer

Diabetes

Diabetes is a condition where your body cannot make insulin or cannot use insulin well, leading to increases in blood sugar. An estimated 1 in 3 adultsTrusted Source with diabetes may have CKD.

High blood sugar damages blood vessels and filtering ability in the kidneys over time. Many people with diabetes also have high blood pressure, which also damages the kidneys.

High blood pressure

High blood pressure is when the pressure of blood against your artery walls is too high. This can damage blood vessels, including those supplying the kidneys. About 1 in 5 adultsTrusted Source with high blood pressure may have CKD.

Heart disease

Heart disease includes coronary artery disease, heart failure, and arrhythmia. These conditions affect your heart’s ability to effectively pump blood. When your kidneys don’t receive enough oxygen-rich blood, it can lead to damage.

Lupus

Lupus is an autoimmune disease where your immune system attacks healthy tissue. When lupus impacts your kidneys, it can cause lupus nephritis. Up to 60%Trusted Source of people with lupus develop lupus nephritis.

The effects of your immune system attacking your kidneys can damage them and eventually lead to CKD or kidney failure.

Obesity

Obesity is a chronic condition where you have excess body fat. An estimated 41.9% of adultsTrusted Source in the United States have obesity.

People with obesity often have other health conditions, called comorbidities, that boost the risk of kidney damage. These include diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease.

Physical trauma

Physical trauma can cause direct damage to your kidneys. Loss of blood or fluids from trauma can lower blood flow to your kidneys, leading to damage and acute kidney injury (AKI). People with prior AKI are at a higher risk of CKD.

Medications that can cause kidney damage

Several types of medications can be harmful to your kidneys. MechanismsTrusted Source by which they can do this include:

damaging kidney tubules, the structures that remove wastes from your blood while returning needed substances

contributing to interstitial nephritis, an inflammation around the tubules

decreasing the filtration rate of your kidneys

making crystals that block the flow of urine

generating free radicals or causing oxidative stress

Examples of drugs that may lead to kidney damage include:

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like:

aspirin

ibuprofen (Motrin)

naproxen (Aleve)

proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) used to treat GERD

statins used to treat high cholesterol

certain antibiotics like aminoglycosides and vancomycin

various antiviral medications used to treat HIV

blood pressure medications like ACE inhibitors or ARBs

some prescription laxatives

specific immunosuppressants like cyclosporine and tacrolimus

drugs used to treat cancer, including cisplatin and methotrexate

contrast dyes used in medical imaging

If you’re concerned about the effects a medication may have on your kidneys, speak with your doctor. Additionally, be sure to always take all medications as directed.

Lifestyle habits that can cause kidney damage

Certain lifestyle habits can also lead to kidney damage.

Alcohol overuse

Alcohol can also promote dehydration and increase blood pressure, both of which can stress the kidneys. It can also lead to liver disease, which can affect the function of your kidneys as well.

Smoking

Smoking has a variety of negative impacts on overall health. It can directly damage the kidneys via oxidative stressTrusted Source. Smoking also boosts the risks of other conditions associated with kidney damage, such as diabetes and high blood pressure.

Eating processed foods

Foods like processed meats, sodas, and sweets are associated withTrusted Source health conditions that increase the risk of kidney disease, such as high blood pressure and obesity.

Researchers have found that people with the highest levels of processed food consumption have a 24% higher risk of CKD.

Eating a diet high in salt and sugar

Too much salt can increase blood pressure. The National Kidney Foundation notes that while sugar doesn’t damage the kidneys, too much sugar intake in people with diabetes can lead to high blood sugar that can damage the kidneys.

Eating too much protein

Too much protein can stress your kidneys as they work harder to clear the waste products of protein metabolism from the body. High protein intake is typically only detrimentalTrusted Source in people with preexisting CKD.

Not getting enough sleep

Getting sufficient good quality sleep is important for overall health. Poor sleep can increase the risk of conditions that can affect the kidneys, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity. Poor sleep has also been linkedTrusted Source to CKD risk.

Dehydration

Having severe dehydration can damage your kidneys. When you’re dehydrated, your urine becomes more concentrated, and you’re more likely to experience kidney stones or UTIs that can damage the kidneys.

Inactivity

It’s estimated that 1 in 2 adultsTrusted Source doesn’t get enough exercise. Physical inactivity is linked to a higher risk of conditions that boost the risk of kidney disease, including high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes.

Some research has found that physical activity lowers the risk of kidney disease.

Illegal drug use

Certain illegal drugs are filtered, concentrated, or processed by your kidneys and may lead to kidney injury through a variety of mechanisms. These include cocaine, heroin, and amphetamines.

Other risk factors for kidney damage

There are also other risk factors for kidney disease.

Family history of chronic kidney disease

A family history of CKD increases your risk. This can be due to either inherited conditions like polycystic kidney disease or shared environmental or social factors.

Older age

Your risk of kidney disease gets higher as you age. After age 40, kidney filtration generally falls by 1% each year. Additionally, conditions that damage the kidneys, such as heart disease and diabetes, are more common as you age.

Frequently asked questions about kidney health

Below are some answers to frequently asked questions about your kidney health.

What is the main cause of kidney damage?

Diabetes is the main cause of CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In 2018, 47%Trusted Source of people starting renal replacement therapy had a diabetes diagnosis.

What are the first signs of kidney damage?

Many people with kidney disease don’t have symptoms until kidney damage is more severe. Some examples of kidney disease symptoms are:

urinating more or less often than usual

foamy urine

fatigue

weakness

nausea or vomiting

dry or itchy skin

swelling, especially in your lower limbs

muscle cramping

difficulty sleeping

reduced appetite

unintended weight loss

What color is urine when your kidneys are damaged?

Urine that has become darker can be a potential sign of reduced kidney function. This includes urine that’s dark amber, brown, or red in colorTrusted Source.

What happens when one kidney stops working?

Most people can live a typical life with only one working kidney. However, you may be at an increased riskTrusted Source of high blood pressure and increased protein in your urine.

Can a damaged kidney recover?

No. Once kidney damage has occurred, the damage cannot be reversed.